THE ROMAN DYNASTIES OF ROME & CONSTANTINOPLE
455AD-476 AD
THE LAST- EMPERORS OF THE WESTERN EMPIRE
NOT WITH BANG BUT WITH A WIMPER
Under Ricimer the Last Days of the Empire.—The authority of the Western Roman emperors became limited to Italy, and even here it was reduced to a mere shadow. The barbarians were the real power behind the throne. The Roman armies were made up mostly of barbarians, under the control of barbarian generals; and even the direction of affairs at the capital was in the hands of barbarian chiefs. The place which Stilicho the Vandal had held under Honorius, was filled by Ricimer the Goth during the last years of the empire.. For seventeen years (455-472) Ricimer exercised absolute authority, setting up and deposing emperors at his will.
The Roman Empire in the West had in fact already passed away, and nothing was now left but to extinguish its name. Odoacer deposes Romulus Augustulus (A.D. 476).—The part which Ricimer had played as “king-maker” was now assumed by Orestes the Pannonian, who received the title of patrician. Orestes placed upon the throne his son, Romulus Augustulus, a boy six years of age.
THE COINS OF THE LAST EMPERORS
Petronius Maximus
425-454 AD
BORN 396 AD ?
RULE 17 MARCH 455 AD – 31 MAY 455 AD
Proclaimed himself emperor with the support of the army, after the death of Valentinian III.
Murdered, probably stoned to death by the Roman mob
Avitus
a
BORN 385 AD ?
RULE 9 JULY 455 AD – 17 OCTOBER, 456 AD
Magister militum under Petronius Maximus, proclaimed emperor by the Visigoth king Theoderic II
Deposed by his Magister militum, Ricimer, murdered at some point afterwards
Majorian
BORN NOVEMBER 420 AD
RULE APRIL, 457 AD – 2 AUGUST, 461 AD
Appointed emperor by Ricimer
August 7, 461 AD Deposed by his troops (probably at the behest of Ricimer);
Libius
Severus
BORN ? AD, LUCANIA, ITALIA
RULE NOVEMBER 461 AD – AUGUST 465 AD
Appointed emperor by Ricimer. Not recognized by the Eastern Empire.
Probably poisoned
by Ricimer
Glycerius
473-474 AD
BORN ?
RULE MARCH 473 AD - JUNE 473 AD
Appointed emperor by Gundobad (Ricimer's successor). Not recognized by the Eastern Empire.
After 480 AD
Deposed by Julius Nepos, became Bishop of Salona, time and manner of death unknown
Julius Nepos
474-475 AD
BORN 430
RULE June 474 AD – August 28, 475 AD (in Italy) – Spring 480 AD (in Gaul and Dalmatia)
Nephew-in-law of the eastern emperor Leo I, appointed emperor in opposition to Glycerius
Deposed in Italy by Flavius Orestes, ruled in balance of Western Empire until assassination in 480.
Anthemius
467-472AD
PROCOPIVS ANTHEMIVS AVGVSTVS
BORN 420 AD
RULE 12 APRIL 467AD – 11 JULY 472 AD
Appointed Emperor by Leo I of the eastern emperor accepted by Ricimer he lacked power and resourse coming from the east,
Ricimer march on Rome and after a lengthy siege captured and executed by Ricimer
Olybrius
472 AD
BORN 420 AD
RULE 11 JULY 472 AD - 2 NOVEMBER 472 AD
Son-in-law of Valentinian III; appointed .a puppet emperor, put on the throne by Ricimer Not recognized by the Eastern Empire.
Natural causesOlybrius died of dropsy after only seven months of rule
Romulus Augustus
474-75 AD
FLAVIVS ROMVLVS AVGVSTVS
BORN ?,
RULE 31 OCTOBER 475 AD - 4 SEPTEMBER 476 AD
Appointed by his father, Flavius Orestes. Not recognized by the Eastern Empire.
Unknown Natural Causes.
Romulus Augustus was the son of Orestes who once had been an assistant to Attila the Hun Orestes launched a coup d'état and marched his troops on Ravenna, the seat of the emperor. Julius Nepos fled in August AD 475, leaving Italy to Orestes
Regarded as emperor more from historical convention than accuracy, his rule never extended beyond portions of Italian peninsular and was not recognized by Eastern Emperor Zeno. Deposed by Odoacer, who then ruled in the name of Julius Nepos until the latter's death in 480, which formally ended the separate western empire; most likely lived out his life on a private villa in obscurity.